用S型皮托管测固定污染源排气参数的方法探讨

针对固定污染源排气监测实际工作用S型皮托管测定静压方法有争议的问题进行了理论分析和低速风洞试验。结果表明,用S型皮托管测固定污染源排气静压的平行法和垂直法二方法都在不影响排气量和污染物排放量测定结果的范围内;用全压与平行法静压差作为动压来计算流速可影响较大。     

溶剂法生产酞菁兰废水处理工艺

分析了煤油溶剂法生产酞菁兰过程中废水产生的节点及特征，介绍了以回收利用与末端处理相结合使废水减量化和达标排放的酞菁兰废水处理方法     

Methane emission in a rice field of Thailand

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不同气氛下燃煤SO2的排放规律研究

在立式管状电加热炉上对合山高硫煤在不同的气氛、温度以及Ca／S比的条件下进行了动态燃烧实验，对收集的气体产物进行了红外光谱分析，并讨论了CO2浓度以及温度等因素对SO2释放的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的CO2气氛对煤燃烧过程中硫的释放以及石灰石的固硫效率有着不同的影响，在高于900℃以后，较之空气气氛下，无论是否存在钙基固硫剂，其它三种02／C02气氛下S02的排放量都比较低，且在不同C02浓度下，温度对S02的排放影响不一致。     

广州市实施二氧化硫排污权交易研究

在排污权交易的理论基础上,借鉴美国二氧化硫排放权交易的政策和方法,设计了一套广州市实施二氧化硫排污权交易的框架,旨在为广州市控制削减二氧化硫排放提供一种基于市场的环境管理手段.     

反静电场处理厌氧污泥的影响因素分析

在电场和电解副效应的共同作用下，选定0．5mA、1．0mA、1．5mA和1．95mA四种电流强度作为不同的运行条件，处理时间24h，分别测定反应开始和结束时厌氧污泥上清液COD、NH4^＋-N和VSS，其变化率随电流强度呈抛物线型变化。用反静电处理厌氧污泥时，电场对污泥参数的影响存在着最佳的工作电流强度，在本试验条件下，反静电处理厌氧污泥的最佳工作电流强度为1．5mA。反静电场可提高微生物的活性，使COD与NH4^＋-N得到一定程度的降解，同时，污泥的性质影响反静电场处理污泥的效果。     

Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

Methods for project-based mechanisms (JI/CDM)—relevance of IPCC inventory guidelines

A baseline for a project consists of estimates of annual emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) for a given time period without implementing the project. A general three-step process for determining the baseline is suggested. The emission reduction of the project is given by the difference between the baseline and the monitored annual emissions. A preferred method, direct measurement of the emission reduction, is possible for some types of projects. Methods for estimating the annual baseline emissions are not necessary for the latter category, and a definition of this project category is suggested. IPCC Guidelines for National GHG Inventories categorise the emission sources so that only direct emissions from consumption of fuel and feedstock are calculated. There are thus no emission factors for indirect emissions (e.g. electricity consumption or km transported) or emission factors that depend on technology only, independent of consumption of fuel and feedstock. Technology-dependent emission factors may thus need to be developed for estimating indirect emissions and multi-project baselines. Consistency should be sought with the IPCC Guidelines when estimating annual baseline emissions and in monitoring project emissions to ensure comparability with the National Inventories.     

刍议排污权价格的合理界定

排污权交易在中国的试点过程中,显现了强大的生命力,然而,由于对排污权交易基础理论理解的偏差,导致了实践层面上的缺陷,如排污权初始分配是否应该有偿的问题;排污权商品再分配价格应不应该包括正的外部效应价值问题;在排污权交易制度改革与中国其他制度的改革(现行税制改革、绿色GDP的推行)进行中出现的不协调的问题.     

长江口崇明东滩潮间带温室气体排放初步研究

采用原位静态箱法对长江口崇明东滩(CM)湿地3种主要温室气体CO2,CH4和N2O的排放、吸收通量进行现场测定。结果表明,春季(5月)崇明东滩湿地是大气CH4的排放源。中潮滩暗箱(CM-2b)CH4的排放通量为394.22μg/m2.h,明箱(CM-2w)为492.58μg/m2.h;低潮滩暗箱(CM-3b)CH4的排放通量为84.89μg/m2.h,明箱(CM-3w)为76.16μg/m2.h,植被和有机质含量的不同是造成中、低潮滩CH4通量差异的主要因素。中潮滩春季草的光和作用可以降低CO2和N2O的排放,明箱内表现为对CO2(-67.45 mg/m2.h)和N2O(-21.79μg/m2.h)的吸收,同时呼吸作用增加了潮滩-大气界面CO2和N2O的排放(CO2,730.27 mg/m2.h;N2O,109.72μg/m2.h)。而低潮滩(CM-3)表现为CO2和N2O的汇,但吸收的通量值较小。